Cost benefit analysis for disaster protection management (a case of Dzud) Dienstag, 19. Februar 2008

The Journal of Agricultural Science Nr. 1(01), pp. 108-113
ХАА-н Шинжлэх Ухаан сэтгүүл №1(01), хуудас 108-113

ÃÀÌØÃÀÀÑ ÕÀÌÃÀÀËÀÕ ¯ÉË ÀÆÈËËÀÃÀÀÍÛ ÇÀÐÄÀË–ªÃªªÆÈÉÍ ØÈÍÆÈËÃÝÝ (ÇÓÄÛÍ ÆÈØÝÝÃÝÝÐ)

Ã.Ãàíçîðèã, Ð.Îðîñîî
ÕÀÀÈÑ, Ýäèéí çàñàã áèçíåñèéí ñóðãóóëü
Ýäèéí çàñãèéí îíîëûí òýíõèì
ganjaa123@yahoo.com

Õóðààíãóé
Ýíýõ¿¿ ñóäàëãààíû çîðèëãî íü Ìîíãîë óëñûí ãàìøãèéí áàéäëûã ñóäàëæ, ýäèéí çàñãèéí õîõèðîë, ãàìøãààñ õàìãààëàõ ¿éë àæèëëàãààíä çàðöóóëæ áóé çàðäàë, ò¿¿íýýñ áèé áîëæ áàéãàà íèéãìèéí öýâýð ºãººæèéã òîîöîõ ÿâäàë þì.
Ñóäàëãààíû òààìàãëàë áîë Ìîíãîë îðíû õýìæýýíä ãàìøãààñ õàìãààëàõ çîðèëãîîð çàðöóóëæ áàéãàà çàðäàë íü ºãººæ áàãàòàé, ¿ðýëãýí áàéãààãèéí äýýð ò¿¿íýýñ óðüä÷èëàí ñýðãèéëýõ, çàðäàë áàãàòàé äàâàí òóóëàõ çýðýã çºâ ìåíåæìåíòèéã áîëîâñðîíãóé áîëãîõîä ÷èãëýãäýæ ÷àäàõã¿é áàéãàà ÿâäàë þì
Àëèâàà òºñºë, õºòºëáºð, áîäëîãûí íèéãýìä ¿ç¿¿ëýõ ¿ð íºëººã ýäèéí çàñãèéí ¿¿äíýýñ ìºíãºí ä¿íãýýð èëýðõèéëýõ äýëõèéä õ¿ëýýí çºâøººðºãäñºí àðãà áîë Çàðäàë-ªãººæèéí Øèíæèëãýý (Cost-Benefit Analysis) þì. ¯¿íèéã àøèãëàí Ìîíãîë óëñàä ãàð÷ áàéãàà ãàìøèã, îñîë, àþóëò ¿çýãäýëä çàðöóóëæ áóé çàðäàë íü ÿìàð õýìæýýíèé ºãººæòýé áîëîõûã õàðóóëàõààð çóäûã ñîíãîí àâ÷ ýíýõ¿¿ ñóäàëãààã õèéëýý.
Ìîíãîë óëñûí ãàìøèãòàé òýìöýõ öààøäûí ¿íäñýí áàðèìò áè÷èã áîëîõ ͯÁ-ûí õºãæëèéí õºòºëáºðººñ Ìîíãîë óëñûí çàñãèéí ãàçàð, Îíöãîé áàéäëûí Åðºíõèé ãàçàð (ÎÁÅÃ)-ûí çàõèàëãààð áîëîâñðóóëñàí “Ãàìøèãòàé òýìöýõ ÷àäàâõèéã áýõæ¿¿ëýõ õºòºëáºð”-èéã ¿íäñýí ñóäàëãààíû îáúåêò áîëãîí ñóäàëëàà.
Ñóäàëãààíû ¿ð ä¿íä Ìîíãîë óëñûí ãàìøèãòàé òýìöýõ àæèëëàãààíä çàðöóóëæ áàéãàà òºñºâ íü íýëýýä ¿ðýëãýí, çºâ ìåíåæìåíòèéã õýðýãæ¿¿ëýõ ÿâö óäààøðàëòàé, çàðöóóëñàí çàðäëûí òàëààñ èë¿¿ õóâü íü ãàìøãààñ õàìãààëàõ àëáà, òºðèéí áàéãóóëëàãóóä ðóó ÷èãëýñýí, ººðººð õýëáýë óäèðäëàãûí çàðäàë õýò ºíäºð áàéãàà íü ñóäàëãààãààð õàðàãäàæ áàéíà. Ìîíãîë îðíû õóâüä áàéãàëü, öàã óóðûí ýðñ òýñ óóð àìüñãàëòàé òóë ãàìøèã, îñëûí òîî ñ¿¿ëèéí æèë¿¿äýä ºñºõ õàíäëàãàòàé áàéíà. պ人 àæ àõóéí ñàëáàðûí ãîë ãàìøèã áîëîõ çóäûí äàâòàìæ óëàì îéðòîæ áàéãàà íü èðýýä¿éä ãàðàõ çàðäëûã èõýñãýæ áàéãàà þì.
”Ãàìøèãòàé òýìöýõ ÷àäàâõèéã áýõæ¿¿ëýõ” õºòºëáºðèéã 2006-2015 îí õ¿ðòýë 10 æèëèéí õóãàöààíä õýðýãæ¿¿ëñýíýýð çóäíû àþóëààñ õàìãààëñíû íèéãìèéí öýâýð ºãººæ íü 58.9 òýð áóì òºãðºã áîëæ áàéíà.

Ò¿ëõ¿¿ð ¿ã
íèéãìèéí ºãººæ, öýâýð ºãººæ, çóä, çóäûí õîõèðîë, çóäûí ïðîãíîç, ãàìøãààñ ¿¿ññýí õîõèðîë, ãàìøãààñ õàìãààëàõ

Abstract
The natural disaster is one of the biggest reasons of social problems in Mongolia.
About 30 natural hazards and disasters occur In our country which is greatly related to the specific of regional localization.

The studying on disaster issues in Mongolia which includes the protection or preventation costs and economic loss due to the disaster, further, the calculation of social net benefits of the costs that are spent of disaster and disaster management.
We are summarizing the research of Cost Benefit Analysis for disaster protection activities as follows:
• The frequency of dzud was once in 8 or 9 years from 1944 until middle of 1980s. But, since then, quantity of frequency is getting high in recent years, especially between 1999 and 2003, when every year have occurred the dzud in Mongolia.
• According the function of the dead livestock in the year when dzud occurred, there will be 13.09 million dead livestock.
• The disaster protection costs that spent for dzud is not enough beneficial.
• The action plan of National Emergency Mitigation Agency needs to be implemented. Because, the CBA results that the net benefit of the plan is 58.9 billion MNT.
• The one of the main reasons for dzud is drought. A way to improve the pasture land that’s for decreasing the drought risk is to move the livestock to other pasture as possible as far.